Announce and Transmit

• June 18, 1929 - Legislation
Public Law 71-13, known as the Reapportionment Act of 1929, establishes the modern apportionment system and sets an 8 month deadline for apportionment numbers to be tabulated and transmitted to the president.
Public Law No. 71-13 (June 18, 1929)
• November 17, 1930 - Transmission to President
Sec. Lamont transmitted the apportionment numbers to the president.
Transmission to President Hoover (Nov. 17, 1930)
Note: Includes each step of transmission up to the president
• Novevmber 18, 1930 - Release to the Public
During the President's news conference, President Hoover announced the reapportionment figures stating that "The Census [Bureau] has furnished me with the conclusions on the subject, and I will give them to you. I will not attempt to read the results."
“Eleven States Gain, 21 Lose House Seats” New York Times, Nov. 18, 1930.
Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States - Herbert Hoover - Containing the Public Messages Speeches and Statements of the President JANUARY I TO DECEMBER 31, 1930 (Item 373 and 374)
• November 30, 1930 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required for state counts to be transmitted to the president.
• December 4, 1930 - Transmission to Congress
The president transmitted the apportionment counts to the 71st Congress.
House Document No. 71-664 (Dec. 5, 1930)
• December 5, 1930
Congress received the apportionment counts from President Hoover.
House Document No. 71-664 (Dec. 5, 1930)

• Photo:
Edwards, W. (1940, Dec 04). ILLINOIS LOSES CONGRESS SEAT BY 1940 CENSUS: INDIANA AND IOWA AMONG NINE OTHERS HIT. CENSUS CHANGES REPRESENTATION. Chicago Daily Tribune (1923-1963)
Retrieved from Illinois Loses Congress Seat by 1940 Census, Chicago Daily Tribune (Dec. 4, 1940)

• Procedural History of the 1940 Census of Pupulation and Housing
• April 25, 1940 - Legislation
PL 76-481 changes the Congress to which apportionment figures are due (but does not alter the 8 month deadline) such that not due at the end of one Congress session but instead at the beginning of the next.
Public Law No. 76-481
• Preliminary Results - September 21, 1940
Preliminary numbers were announced by Director Austin
“Our Population Put at 131,409,881” New York Times, Sept. 21, 1940
• November 5, 1940 - Election Day
Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected for a third term as president.
“Roosevelt Elected President; Certain of 429 Electoral Votes; Democrats Keep House Control” New York Times, Nov. 4, 1940.
• November 28, 1940 - Transmission to President
Census Bureau Director Austin writes to Commerce Secretary Jones, transmitting the apportionment numbers as calculated by both the method of major fractions and also the method of equal proportions.
[Folder “Speeches, articles, and Papers” Box 4 Bureau of Census Records Notes – NARA I, Record Group 29 — 229 – Morris B. Ullman Files: Apportionment]
Transmission to President Roosevelt (Nov. 29, 1940)
• November 29, 1940
Sec. Jones transmits Austin’s letter to the president.
[Folder “Speeches, articles, and Papers” Box 4 Bureau of Census Records Notes – NARA I, Record Group 29 — 229 – Morris B. Ullman Files: Apportionment]
Transmission to President Roosevelt (Nov. 29, 1940)
• November 30, 1940 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
*Initially, apportionment data had to be delivered to the President 8 months from Census Day. In 1976, Public Law (P.L.) 94-521 extended the date for delivering apportionment data to the president to 9 months from Census Day.
• December 1, 1940 - Release to Public
The Census Bureau tabulated the final 1940 census figures.
“1940 Census May Change House Seats” Washington Post, Dec. 2, 1940.
“State Entitled to Three More House Seats” Los Angeles Times, Dec. 3, 1940
• January 3, 1941 - Transmission to Congress
The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 77th Congress..
• January 8, 1941 - Transmission to Congress (5 days after reconvening of Congress)
President Roosevelt transmitted the apportionment numbers to Congress.
House Document No. 77-45
Note: Two sets of numbers were transmitted. One used the method known as the method of major fractions, which was the method used in the last preceding apportionment, and the other used the method of equal proportions. Also, the packet includes a letter from the Attorney General regarding the inclusion of “Indians” in the count.
• January 20, 1941 - Roosevelt Inauguration
Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated for his third term.
Charles Hurd, “Third-Term Induction Presents Sharp Contrasts;” New York Times, Jan. 20, 1941.
• November 15, 1941 - Legislation
Congress passed P.L. 77-291 which established the "equal proportions" method as that which would decide how seats were allocated. The bill also requires the Clerk of the House to relay the apportionment totals (by equal proportions, the whole number of persons) to the States within 15 calendar days of receiving them from the president.
Public Law No. 77-291

• Photos:
Secretary of Commerce Charles W. Sawyer (right) gets a first look at the 1950 Census results.
Dr. Roy V. Peel, Director of the United States Census Bureau Talks to Newsmen about the Census
• November 2, 1950 - Transmission to President and Release to Public
Sec. Sawyer, along with Director Peel and Deputy Director Eckler, delivered the apportionment numbers to President Truman.
“The President’s Calling List” Washington Post, Nov. 3, 1950.
PHOTO: Truman Library; "President Harry S. Truman Receives Census Results"

Commerce announces the official counts for the 1950 census.
“Shift of 28 House Seats Forseen as Census Rises to 150,697,361” New York Times, Nov. 2, 1950.
• November 30, 1950 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
*Initially, apportionment data had to be delivered to the President 8 months from Census Day. In 1976, Public Law (P.L.) 94-521 extended the date for delivering apportionment data to the president to 9 months from Census Day.
• January 3, 1951 - Transmission to Congress
The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 82nd Congress.
• January 9, 1951
6 days after reconvening of Congress President Truman transmitted the apportionment numbers to Congress.
House Document No. 82-36

Apportionment numbers were received by Congress.
• August 31, 1954 - Legislation
Congress passes P.L. 83-740 which codified the various statutes, including 1929's Fifteenth Census Act, which authorized the decennial and other censuses, as Title 13, US Code.
Public Law No. 83-740

• Press Release - Dept. of Commerce Press Release (Nov. 15, 1960)
• March 26, 1959 - Apportionment Projections
The Census Bureau released a report titled “Projected Reapportionment of Number of Congressmen by States” which reflected the effects of the imminent admission of Hawaii as a state on the apportionment estimates.
Projected Reapportionment of Number of Congressmen by States (March 26, 1959)
Statement by the Hon. John Lesinski, D-MI (March 26, 1959)
• November 8, 1960 - Election Day
Sen. John F. Kennedy, a Massachusetts Democrat, defeated Vice President Richard M. Nixon in one of the closest presidential elections in U.S. history.
“Kennedy is Apparent Victor; Lead Cut in Two Key States; Democrats Retain Congress” New York Times, Nov. 9, 1960.
• November 15, 1960 - Transmission to President and Release to Public
Sec. Mueller transmitted the apportionment numbers to President Eisenhower.
Department of Commerce Press Release (Nov. 15, 1960)

The Commerce department announced the official results of the 1960 census and apportionment numbers for each state.
Department of Commerce Press Release (Nov. 15, 1960)
Anthony Lewis, “New York Loses Two House Seats; Jersey Gains One” New York Times, Nov. 15, 1960
Philip Warden, “Census Costs Illinois One Seat in Congress” Chicago Daily Tribune, Nov. 15, 1960.
• November 30, 1960 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
*Initially, apportionment data had to be delivered to the President 8 months from Census Day. In 1976, Public Law (P.L.) 94-521 extended the date for delivering apportionment data to the president to 9 months from Census Day.
• January 3, 1961 - Transmission to Congress
The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 87th Congress.
• January 6, 1961
The House of Representatives and the Senate met in joint session to count electoral votes of the 1960 presidential election.
Daily Digest, U.S. Congress (Jan. 6, 1961)
• January 10, 1961
7 days after Congress convening President Eisenhower transmitted the apportionment numbers to Congress.
House Document No. 87-46
*Note: The apportionment numbers applied to the 88th Congress which convened in January of 1963. Under the 1960 apportionment, the number of seats in the House of Representatives reverted back to the statutory limit of 435 after a temporary increase during the 86th and 87th Congress to 437 due to the admission of Hawaii and Alaska.
• January 12, 1961
2 days after transmission and 9 days after reconvening of Congress Apportionment numbers were received by Congress.
House Document No. 87-46
• January 20, 1961 - Kennedy Inauguration
John F. Kennedy is inaugurated as the 35th president.
“Kennedy Sworn In, Asks ‘Global Alliance’ Against Tyranny, Want, Disease, and War; Republicans and Diplomats Hail Address” New York Times, Jan. 21, 1961.

• PHOTO: The Tampa Times from Tampa, Florida; Tuesday, Dec. 1, 1970
• PRESS RELEASE - Dept. of Commerce Press Packet (1970)
• November 30, 1970 - Transmission to President and Release to Public
The apportionment numbers were transmitted to the president.
House Document No. 92-38
*Note: This document includes each transmission from the director of the Census Bureau up to when the transmission is received by Congress.

A formal ceremony took place at the White House in which the secretary and director presented the results of the 1970 census to the president.
Jack Rosenthal, “Total in Census is 204.7 Million” New York Times, Dec. 1, 1970.
“U.S. Population 204.7 Million; California Now Most-Populous” Times (Shreveport, LA), Dec. 1, 1970.
• November 30, 1970 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
*Initially, apportionment data had to be delivered to the President 8 months from Census Day. In 1976, Public Law (P.L.) 94-521 extended the date for delivering apportionment data to the president to 9 months from Census Day.
• December 7, 1970 - Press Release
The Census Bureau released a written statement detailing the method of apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives.
Dept. of Commerce Press Release (Dec. 7, 1970)
• January 21, 1971 - Transmission to Congress
The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 92nd Congress.
• January 27, 1971
6 days after Congress convening President Nixon transmitted the apportionment numbers to Congress.
House Document No. 92-38
• January 29, 1971
2 days after transmission and 8 days after reconvening of Congress Congress received a communication from the president, transmitting his report of the apportionment population for each state.
House Document No. 92-38
• February 2, 1971 - Transmission to the Governors
4 days after Congress receiving numbers from POTUS, the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives, W. Pat Jennings sent certificates to the governors of each state, indicating the number of representatives each state was entitled to in the reapportioned 93rd Congress.
Cover Letter: 1970 CA Apportionment Certificate (Feb. 4, 1971)

• Photo: “226 Million Live in U.S., Census Shows” Lompoc Record (Lompoc, California), Dec. 31, 1980.
• Press Briefing/Release- Dept. of Commerce Press Release (Dec. 31, 1980)
• October 17, 1976 - Legislation
Congress passed Public Law (P.L.) 94-521, which extended the date for delivering apportionment data to the president from 8 months to 9 months from Census Day.
Public Law No. 94-521
• December 1979 - Litigation
FAIR, together with the Committee for Representative Government and Congressmen from five states, sued the Commerce Department to have apportionment from the 1980 Census based on legal residence only.
Federation for Am. Imm. Reform v. Klutznick, 486 F. Supp. 564 (D.D.C. 1980)
Robert Reinhold, “Dispute Over Aliens Snarls Census Plans” New York Times, Dec. 20, 1979.
(P. 10-7/8)
• September 25, 1980
Before the enumeration process had finished, the city of Detroit sued, demanding that statistical adjustment be used to compensate for those estimated by the Census Bureau to have been missed or improperly counted. Shortly thereafter, several other states and localities, including the city and state of New York, also filed suit.
YOUNG v. KLUTZNICK 652 F.2d 617 (1981)
Young v. Klutznick, 497 F. Supp. 1318 (E.D. Mich. 1980)
• November 4, 1980 - Election Day
Republican nominee Ronald Reagan defeated incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter.
“Reagan Easily Beats Carter; Republicans Gain in Congress” New York Times, Nov. 5, 1980.
• November 18, 1980 - Litigation and Delay
Barabba testified before a subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Governmental affairs, asking the subcommittee “to defeat any effort in the Senate which would prevent the President from transmitting decennial figures for Congressional apportionment.”
Undercount and the 1980 Decennial Census p.26
• December 11, 1980
20 days before statutory deadline: Commerce announced that it wouldn’t use statistical adjustments.
Undercount and the 1980 Decennial Census
• December 16, 1980 - Preliminary Results
The Commerce Department published preliminary results of the 1980 Census in the Federal Register, the numbers included populations for each state, excluding New York.
Federal Register, Vol. 45, No. 243 (Dec. 16, 1980)
Robert Reinhold, “U.S. Census Bureau Releases 1980 Count” New York Times, Dec. 16, 1980.
• December 23, 1980 - Litigation
A federal judge ordered the Census Bureau to adjust what he described as a "disproportionate undercount" of the population of New York City and New York State. Werker's 34-page decision restrained the Census Bureau from certifying the state population totals to the president on Dec. 31, as required by law, and ordered the bureau to come up with a plan for adjusted figures.
Arnold H. Lubasch, “Census Bureau Told to Readjust Figures for City and State” New York Times, Dec. 24, 1980.
“Census Bureau Ordered to Adjust N.Y. 'Undercount” Washington Post, Dec. 24, 1980.
• December 30, 1980 - Supreme Court Decision
The Supreme Court voted 7-1 to overturn an order by a lower Federal court that had blocked the certification, pending the Government's appeal of a successful assertion by New York City that its count should be adjusted to make up for New Yorkers overlooked by census takers.
KLUTZNICK v. CAREY
• December 31, 1980 - Transmission to President, Release to Public, and Statutory Deadline
The Census Bureau officially certified the 1980 population count of the states and reported it to President Carter only hours before the legal deadline.
Transmission to President Carter (Dec. 31, 1980)
House Document No. 97-5 (Jan. 9, 1981)
(this document includes the letters from all the handoffs up to when given to Congress)

The Census Bureau held a ceremony at the Commerce Department and released the final national population count as well as state-by-state population counts.
Robert Reinhold, “1980 Census Figures Reported to Carter Near the Deadline” New York Times, Jan. 1, 1981.
Robert Sangeorge, “Census Figures Confirm Shift” The Brattleboro Reformer, Dec. 31, 1980.
“Official tally counts 226 million in U.S.” The Press Democrat, Dec. 31, 1980.
Department of Commerce Press Release (Dec. 31, 1980)
Note on '80 and '90 Announcements (Dec. 13, 2000)

Statutory deadline required by Title 13 of the U.S. Code for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
*Initially, apportionment data had to be delivered to the President 8 months from Census Day. In 1976, Public Law (P.L.) 94-521 extended the date for delivering apportionment data to the president to 9 months from Census Day.
• January, 5 1981 - Transmission to Congress
The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 97th Congress.
• January 6, 1981
Congress met in joint session to count electoral college votes for President and Vice President (1980 election).
Daily Digest, U.S. Congress (Jan. 6, 1981)
• January 7, 1981
Two days after the reconvening of Congress Carter sent the apportionment numbers for each state to Congress.
House Document No. 97-5 (Jan. 9, 1981)
• January 9, 1981
2 days after transmission and 4 days after reconvening of Congress On January 9th, Congress received a communication from the President of the United States, transmitting his report on the apportionment population for each State as of April 1.
House Document No. 97-5 (Jan. 9, 1981)
• January 20, 1981 - Reagan Inauguration
Ronald Reagan is inaugurated as the 40th president.
“Reagan Takes Oath as 40th President; Promises an “Era of National Renewal” New York Times, Jan. 21, 1981.
• December 8, 1987 - Litigation
A federal appeals court ruled that the census figures should not be adjusted to account for the undercount because the Census Bureau's decision not to adjust was not arbitrary and capricious.
“New York Loses Plea for New Census Count” New York Times, Dec. 9, 1987.

• Press Release - Dept. of Commerce Press Release (Dec. 26, 1990)
• Press Briefing (partial)- 1990 Census Results (C-SPAN) (Dec. 26)
• October 30, 1987 Announcement (No Statistical Adjustment)
Undersecretary of Commerce, Robert Ortner announced the decision not to plan for a statistical adjustment of the 1990 census.
Clifford D. May, “U.S. Rejects Pleas to Adjust 1990 Census for Undercount” New York Times, Oct. 31, 1987.
• November 3, 1988 - Litigation
A group of civic organizations, states and cities, including New York, Los Angeles and Chicago, filed a lawsuit in Federal District Court in Brooklyn seeking to force the Commerce Department to adjust the results of the census to be taken in 1990 to account for people inadvertently missed.
Todd S. Purdum, “Commerce Dept. Is Sued to Force Adjustment of 1990 Census Plan” New York Times, Nov. 4, 1988.
• November 1989 - New Bureau Diretor
Barbara Everitt Bryant is appointed as the Census Bureau’s 37th director.
Barbara Everitt Bryant Oral History
• July 17, 1989 - Litigation Continues/Settlement Reached
Extensive negotiations were conducted in the summer of 1989, culminating on July 17, 1989 with an eleventh-hour stipulation (the "Stipulation") of the parties. The Department undertook a de novo review of the adjustment issue in order to make a decision no later than July 15,1991, on whether to adjust the 1990 census.
City of New York v. US Dept. of Commerce, 739 F. Supp. 761 (E.D.N.Y. 1990)
Census Adjustment Lawsuit: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Census and Population (Oct. 17, 1989)
• March 15, 1990
Commerce releases the 1990 Final Guidelines in the Federal Register.
Federal Register, Vol. 55, No. 51 (March 15, 1990)
• December 26, 1990 - Transmission to President and Release to Public
Mosbacher delivered the apportionment numbers to President Bush
Transmission to President Bush (Dec. 26, 1990)
Apportionment of the US House of Representatives
1990 Procedural History

The results of the 1990 census were announced at a press briefing held at the Department of Commerce.
11am EST Press briefing at the commerce department - PRESS BRIEFING (partial)- 1990 Census Results (C-SPAN) (Dec. 26)
Dept. of Commerce Press Release (Dec. 26, 1990)
Miskura Memo (Dec. 27, 1990)
Note on '80 and '90 Announcements (Dec. 13, 2000)
Fact Sheet, Dept. of Commerce
Prepared Q and A (Dec. 26, 1990)
• December 31, 1990 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required by Title 13 of the U.S. Code for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
• January 3, 1991 - Transmission to Congress
The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 102nd Congress.
Same day as Congress convening President Bush sent Congress his report on the apportionment population for each State as of April 1, 1990, and the number of Representatives to which each State would be entitled.
House Document No. 102-18 (Jan. 7, 1991)
• January 7, 1991
4 days after transmission and reconvening of Congress Congress received a communication from the President of the United States, transmitting his report on the apportionment population for each State and the number of Representatives to which each State would be entitled.
House Document No. 102-18 (Jan. 7, 1991)
*Note the caveat- “The population counts set forth herein are subject to possible correction for undercount or overcount. The Department of Commerce is considering whether to correct these counts and will publish corrected counts, if any, not later than July 15, 1991.”
• Decision on Adjustment and Subsequent Litigation
Date? In June 1991, the Undercount Steering Committee, a Census Bureau group charged with advising the director on adjustment, voted 9-2 to recommend using the adjusted population counts. Following this recommendation, the director herself came out in favor of adjustment. However, the undersecretary of commerce for economic affairs, who oversees the Census Bureau disagreed. The Secretary of Commerce's Special Advisory Panel split, four votes to four.
Bryant Oral Histroy (Beginning at p.22)
Letter: 1990 Congressional Apportionment Based on Adjusted Counts (July 8, 1991)
• July 15, 1991
Sec Mosbacher announced that the results of the 1990 Census would not be adjusted, and said his decision reflected his strong disinclination "to abandon a 200-year tradition of how we actually count people."
Mosbacher Letter (July 15, 1991)
Sam Fulwood III, “U.S. Refuses to Alter Contested Census Figures” Los Angeles Times, July 16, 1991.
Felicity Barringer, “U.S. Won’t Revise 1990 Census, Says Chief of Commerce” New York Times, July 16, 1991.
• July 22, 1991
Mosbacher’s final decision on the issue of adjusting the 1990 census to correct for overcounts or undercounts of the population in the 1990 Decennial Census was published in the federal register.
Federal Register, p.33582 (July 22, 1991) (p.33582)

Following the announcement of the secretary's decision, the New York plaintiffs resumed their lawsuit asserting the Mosbacher’s decision had been arbitrary and capricious under the APA.
City of New York v. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 34 F.3d 1114 (2d Cir. 1994)
• April 13, 1993
The Federal District Court decided in favor of the Department of Commerce in April 1993. Plaintiffs appealed the ruling, and the U.S. Court of Appeals rejected the district court ruling and ordered that the case be returned to the district court for further proceedings.
Felicity Barringer, “U.S. Judge Upholds Population Count” New York Times, April 14, 1993.
• March 20, 1996 - Supreme Court Decision
The issue was taken up by the Supreme Court, which unanimously upheld the secretary's decision not to adjust the 1990 census counts, but did not rule on either the legality or constitutionality of the use of statistical adjustment in producing the apportionment counts.
Wisconsin v. City of New York
U.S. Reports: Wisconsin v. City of New York, 517 U.S. 1 (1996)

• Photo: Census Bureau Director Kenneth Prewitt answers questions from reporters during a news conference December 28, 2000 in Washington, DC during the release of the first set of Census 2000 numbers. (Photo by Alex Wong/Newsmakers)
• Press Release - 2000 Census Results (Census Bureau)
• Press Briefing - 2000 Census Results (C-SPAN)
• February 28, 1996 "THE PLAN FOR CENSUS 2000"
The Census Bureau announced ‘‘The Plan for Census 2000,’’ which included the use of two forms of statistical sampling in the 2000 Decennial Census to address a chronic and apparently growing problem of “undercounting” of some identifiable groups
• February 1998 - Litigation (Statistical Sampling)
Two separate suits were filed challenging the legality and constitutionality of the Census Bureau's plan for statistical sampling.
Linda Greenhouse,, “Justices to Hear Second Case On Census Use of Sampling,” New York Times, Oct. 10, 1998.
• January 25, 1999
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Census Act prohibited the proposed uses of statistical sampling in calculating the population for purposes of apportionment, and declined to reach the constitutional question presented.
Department of Commerce v. United States House of Representatives
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE et al. v. UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES et al.(1999) No. 98-404
Linda Greenhouse, “Jarring Democrats, Court Rules Census Must Be by Actual Count” New York Times, Jan. 26, 1999.
• February 24, 1999
In a press conference, Mr. Prewitt announced that the Census Bureau would conduct both a physical head count and use statistical sampling in the 2000 Census, in accordance with the Supreme Court decision. The numbers from the physical count would be used to allocate congressional seats, whereas the statistical totals would be available for use to draw local and state districts and in providing federal funding.
C-SPAN- Press Conference (2/24/1999)
Steven A. Holmes, “Ruling Said to Raise Census Cost by $2 Billion” New York Times, Feb. 24, 1999.
Revised Operational Plan
• November 7, 2000 - Election Day
George W. Bush defeated Al Gore in the electoral college.
Richard L. Berke, “Bush Barely Ahead of Gore in Florida as Recount Holds Key to the Election” New York Times, Nov. 9, 2000.
• December 28, 2000 - Transmission to President and Release to Public
“Mineta, Shapiro and Census Bureau Director Kenneth Prewitt” transmitted the Census 2000 apportionment counts to President Clinton.
2000 Census Press Release

11am EST Commerce Secretary Norman Y. Mineta, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs Robert J. Shapiro and Census Bureau Director Kenneth Prewitt released the first set of Census 2000 numbers — the resident population and Congressional apportionment totals for each state — at a news briefing at the National Press Club.
000 Census Results (C-SPAN)
• December 31, 2000 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required by Title 13 of the U.S. Code for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
• January 3, 2001 - Transmission to Congress
The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 107th Congress.

January 4, 2001 One day after reconvening of Congress President Clinton sent his report on the apportionment population of each state as of April 1, 2000, and the number of Representatives to which each state would be entitled.
House Document 107-12
• January 6, 2001
2 days days after transmission and 3 days after reconvening of Congress Congress met in joint session to count electoral college votes for President and Vice President (2000 election).
January 6, 2001 - Issue: Vol. 147, No. 4 — Daily Edition

Congress received the communication from the President of the United States, transmitting his report on the apportionment population for each State as of April 1, 2000, and the number of Representatives to which each State would be entitled.
House Document 107-12
• January 21, 2001 - Bush Inauguration
George W. Bush was inaugurated as the 43rd president.
“Bush, Taking Office, Calls for Civility, Compassion and ‘Nation of Character’” New York Times, Jan. 21, 2001.

• Photo: Dec. 21: Census Director Robert Groves announces results for the 2010 U.S. Census at the National Press Club. (AP)
• Press Release - 2010 Census Results (Census Bureau)
• Press Briefing - 2010 Census Results (C-SPAN)
• March 18, 2009 - Locke Congressional Testimony
Gary Locke, speaking to the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee on before his confirmation as Commerce Secretary, emphasized that the decennial census “will be run out of the Department of Commerce and by a Director who will work with the Congress, the Administration, and our state and local leaders ... in making this a successful count.”
GOVERNOR GARY F. LOCKE OPENING STATEMENT TO THE SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
• May 15, 2009 - Groves Congressional Testimony
Groves testified before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee during his nomination hearing to be Bureau Director. He stated that “government statistical agencies must be independent of partisan politics” and he noted that he agreed “fully with Secretary Locke’s testimony that statistical adjustment of the census is eliminated as an option for reapportionment and further that statistical adjustment will not be used for redistricting.”
Opening Remarks Robert M. Groves (May 15, 2009)
• December 16, 2009 - Pre-Release Information
The Census Bureau held a pre-release webinar prior to the Dec. 21 release of the first set of 2010 Census data. This webinar provided an overview of the data to be released, a short video: "The U.S. Census and the Amazing Apportionment Machine," and the new interactive map widget that enables users to view the history of apportionment through the past century.
Media Advisory — Census Bureau to Hold Webinar in Preparation for Release of First 2010 Census Data
Census Bureau Webinar (Dec. 16, 2010)
• December 21, 2010 - Transmission to President and Release to Public
Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke delivered the apportionment counts to President Obama, 10 days before the statutory deadline of Dec. 31.
PRESS RELEASE: US Commerce Secretary Gary Locke Delivers 2010 Census Counts, Announces nearly $1.9 Billion in Final 2010 Census Savings

11 a.m. Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke, Acting Deputy Secretary Rebecca Blank, and Census Bureau Director Robert Groves released the first set of 2010 Census data at a news conference at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C, including the resident population for the nation and the states as well as the congressional apportionment totals for each state.
PRESS RELEASE- 2010 Census Results (Census Bureau)
PRESS BRIEFING- 2010 Census Results (C-SPAN)
• December 31, 2010 - Statutory Deadline
Statutory deadline required by Title 13 of the U.S. Code for apportionment counts to be transmitted to the president.
• January 5, 2011 - Transmission to Congress
112th Congress The House of Representatives and the Senate convened the first session of the 112th Congress.

Same day as Congress convening President Obama transmitted the apportionment counts to the 112th Congress during the first week of its first regular session in January. The reapportioned Congress was the 113th, which would convene in January 2013. Message from the President to the Congress Regarding the Census
Message from the President to the Congress Regarding the Census
• January 6, 2011
One day after transmission and convening of Congress Congress received a communication from the president, transmitting his report of the apportionment population for each state as of April 1, 2010, and the number of representatives to which each state would be entitled.
House Document No. 112-5
• January 12, 2011 - Transmission to the Governors
Six days after Congress received numbers from POTUS The Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives sent certificates to the governors of each state, indicating the number of seats representatives each state was entitled to in the reapportioned 113th Congress, which convened in January 2013.
Cover Letter: 2011 - TN Apportionment Certificate (Feb. 1, 2011)

• March 11, 2020
The COVID-19 pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization.
• March 18, 2020
The Census Bureau temporarily suspended field operations through April 1.
• March 28, 2020
The Census Bureau suspended field operations for an additional two weeks to April 15.
• April 13, 2020
Census Bureau Director Steven Dillingham and Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross released a statement “statutory relief from Congress of 120 additional calendar days to deliver final apportionment counts” (with the President to deliver apportionment counts to Congress within 14 days of receipt) and announcing that field data collection would be extended to October 31, 2020.
NYTimes Reports Census Delay
• April 14, 2020
Four former U.S. Census Bureau directors announced their support for the Census Bureau’s decision to extend the start of 2020 census field operations to June 1, 2020 and urged Congress “to act in concert with it.”
CRS Report - Apportionment and Redistricting Following the 2020 Census
• Legislation:
• H.R. 6800- HEROES Act
The HEROES Act was introduced on May 12 and passed the House of Representatives on May 15. The Act includes multiple provisions regarding the 2020 Census, including a provision that would extend the deadline to transmit apportionment data to the president by 4 months. Library of Congress- H.R. 6800
NPR - "In COVID-19 Relief Bill, House Democrats Propose Pushing Census Deadlines"
• H.R. 7034- Fair and Accurate Census Act
Library of Congress- H.R. 7034
NPR - "'We're Running Out Of Time': Census Turns To Congress To Push Deadlines"
• S.4048- Fair and Accurate Census Act

"Harris, Schatz to Introduce Bill Ensuring Accurate Census Count"
S.4048 - Fair and Accurate Census Act

Data

Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790 - 1990
Apportionment and Apportionment Population Based on the 1990 Census
United States Summary: 2010 Population and Housing Unit Counts
States Ranked by Population: 2000
Twelfth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1900, Population, Part 1

Legislation

1790 Census

Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1790 Census (April 14, 1792)

1800 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1800 Census (January 14, 1802)

1810 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1810 Census (December 21, 1811) An Act Apportioning Seats for Maine (April 7, 1820)

1820 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1820 Census (March 7, 1822)
An Act Amending 1820 Apportionment (January 14, 1823)

1830 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1830 Census (May 22, 1832)

1840 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1840 Census (June 25, 1842)

1850 Census

Census Act of 1850 (May 23, 1850)
An Act Amending the Census Act of 1850 (June 30, 1852)

1860 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1860 Census (March 4, 1862)

1870 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1870 Census (February 2, 1872)
An Act Amending 1870 Apportionment (May 30, 1872)

1880 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1880 Census (February 25, 1882)

1890 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1890 Census (February 7, 1891)

1900 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1900 Census (January 16, 1901)

1910 Census

An Act Fixing the Size of the House of Representatives (August 8, 1911)

1929

Reapportionment and Census Act of 1929 (June 18, 1929)

1940 Census

An Act Providing for Apportionment following the 1940 Census (April 25, 1940)
An Act Setting the Apportionment Method for Future Censuses (November 15, 1941))